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The early verses of Isaiah’s fiftieth chapter are pregnant with enigma and resistant to simple theodicy.

Thus says the Lord: ‘Where is your mother’s certificate of divorce, with which I sent her away? Or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities you were sold, and for your transgressions your mother was sent away. Why, when I came, was there no man; why, when I called, was there no one to answer? Is my hand shortened, that it cannot redeem? Or have I no power to deliver? Behold, by my rebuke I dry up the sea, I make the rivers a desert; their fish stink for lack of water and die of thirst. I clothe the heavens with blackness and make sackcloth their covering.’ (Isaiah 50:1–3 ESV)

On the one hand, the passage contains elements of that familiar prophetic explanation of national calamity. ‘It was for your iniquities that you were sold, and for your transgressions that your mother was sent away.’ (more…)

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Isaías el profeta describe la conducta anticipada de YHWH de llevar a sus hijos exiliados a su hogar, de una manera que logra combinar ternura y lo  eterno.

Como un pastor que cuida su rebaño, recoge los corderos en sus brazos; los lleva junto a su pecho, y guía con cuidado a las recién paridas. ¿Quién ha medido las aguas con la palma de su mano, y abarcado entre sus dedos la extensión de los cielos? ¿Quién metió en una medida el polvo de la tierra?  ¿Quién pesó en una balanza las montañas y los cerros?  ¿Quién puede medir el alcance del espíritu del Señor,  o quién puede servirle de consejero?  ¿A quién consultó el Señor para ilustrarse, y quién le enseñó el camino de la justicia? ¿Quién le impartió conocimiento  o le hizo conocer la senda de la inteligencia? (Isaías 40:11-14 NVI).

La poesía de Isaías adorna la convicción bíblica profundamente arraigada de que YHWH es incontenible. No responde a nadie, su brazo no es demasiado corto para cualquier propósito que corresponde a su carácter y naturaleza de su reinado. (more…)

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An odd sensation grips this reader as he negotiates Zakaria’s 2008 cheerfully globalist 51rKArW6ZKL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_work (an updated edition appeared in 2012) in the Era of Trump amid the Rise of the New Nationalisms. As a sympathizer with Zakaria’s internationalism, I acknowledge that the sureties he dispenses are now all contested. Or, perhaps, shouted down. We are the worse for it.

Everybody’s rising. Or almost everybody.

This is the opening shot of Zakaria’s Post-American World, for he argues in his first chapter (‘The Rise of the West’) that modern history has seen three great risings: that of the Western World, that of America, and—under our feet—the rise of the rest. Zakaria’s globalist outlook is evident from the start:

Power is shifting away from nation-states, up, down, and sideways. In such an atmosphere, the traditional applications of national power, both economic and military, have become less effective … At the politico-military level, we remain in a single-super-power world. But in every other dimension—industrial, financial, educational, social, cultural—the distribution of power is shifting, moving way from American dominance. That does not mean were are entering an anti-American world. But we are moving into a post-American world, one defined and directed from many places and by many people.

If this sounds threatening to, say, American readers, well, that’s the problem!, Zakaria might say. We have won the battle of ideas and structures, but we cower like losers. (more…)

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51ksHJ2NUPLI sometimes wonder, trundling along near the end of six decades, how I’ve managed never read Thomas Hardy. Until now.

Prodded on by the marginally satisfactory film version, I downloaded this very English novel. It had me by the throat from its first pages. My wife and I are now, in consequence, listening to a spoken version of Tess of the d’Urbervilles. Thomas Hardy gets quickly to the reader’s heart.

Far from the Madding Crowd is a tragic tale that somehow ends in deep comedy. Only after all its protagonists have loved (nobly or not) on to their own injury does the joyful denouement begin to come into view. Along the way, Hardy shows himself to be the kind of novelist who can capture more human observation in a dependent clause than many of us manage in a lifetime.

I’m hooked. (more…)

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With a heart full to overflowing and eyes quite moist, I finish this novel of a young waif 51LK1NgAk6L._AC_US436_QL65_of a girl in Hitler’s Germany whose body, soul, and spirit ought never have survived her furnace of affliction. Yet survive she does, grittily and even poetically, with the aid of a good friend, a tender father, a Jewish refugee in the basement, a mother whose harshness runs only skin keep, and a traumatized mayor’s wife who loves to have her books stolen.

As the old proverb—old but still true for all its rusty years—would tell us, ‘The book is far better than the movie’. This has never been more true than with Markus Zusak’s phenomenal achievement.

The book is narrated by Death, the Grim Reaper. Yet he is not an evil presence, indeed his tender observations are endearing. In the end, the circumstances of 1940s Europe keep him far busier than he’d prefer. Yet he cannot take his eyes off these dismal, glorious humans. (more…)

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511492nmk9LWhen Australian New Testament scholar and educator David Seccombe writes about ‘Jesus’ revolutionary message’ (the subtitle of The Gospel of the Kingdom), it is almost inevitable that he should set out a two-part arrangement that puts one in mind of the apostle Paul: ‘What is the Gospel?’ and ‘Proclaiming the Gospel’.

This is so because Seccombe’s scholarly gifts have always been deployed in the interests of people and churches whom the author longs to see brought into redemptive, joyous, and invigorating relationship with Jesus Christ. A gospel minutely defined and delimited but not preached, lived, and taught would fall short of Seccombe’s ambition.

So in thirteen spritely chapters, in the course of which Seccombe wears his scholarship lightly but not without effect, we are asked to think again—or even for the first time—about the nature of the strange news that intruded into human discourse by means of Jesus’ life and teaching. (more…)

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La brillante narrativa de la resurrección nacional de Judá en el sexagésimo capítulo del Libro de Isaías está poblada con vislumbres de la contribución de las naciones al embellecimiento de Jerusalén.

Parece que las naciones distantes que fluyen a la glorificada Sion llevan no sólo a los niños perdidos desde hace mucho tiempo de Jerusalén como estos quienes finalmente llegan a casa. A medida que los pueblos remotos ‘llegan a la luz (de Sion) y los reyes al resplandor de (Sion) ’, también traen consigo el producto más rico de su cultura y economía. Ellos importan a la ciudad ahora glorificada la ‘abundancia del mar’ (המון ים) y la  ‘riqueza de las naciones’ (חיל גוים), incluso la representativa ‘gloria del Líbano’ (כבוד הלבנון). (more…)

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Pocas de las declaraciones del libro de Isaías acerca del ‘siervo del Señor,’ están tan densamente pobladas como la sección rica en imágenes al inicio de Isaías 49:

Escúchenme, costas lejanas,  oigan esto, naciones distantes: El Señor me llamó antes de que yo naciera, en el vientre de mi madre pronunció mi nombre. Hizo de mi boca una espada afilada, y me escondió en la sombra de su mano; me convirtió en una flecha pulida, y me escondió en su aljaba. Me dijo: «Israel, tú eres mi siervo; en ti seré glorificado». Y respondí: «En vano he  trabajado; he gastado mis fuerzas sin provecho alguno. Pero mi justicia está en manos del Señor; mi recompensa está con mi Dios».

 Y ahora dice el Señor, que desde el seno materno me formó  para que fuera yo su siervo, para hacer que Jacob se vuelva a él, que Israel se reúna a su alrededor; porque a los ojos del Señor soy digno de honra, y mi Dios ha sido mi fortaleza: «No es gran cosa que seas mi siervo, ni que restaures a las tribus de Jacob, ni que hagas volver a los de Israel, a quienes he preservado. Yo te pongo ahora como luz para las naciones, a fin de que lleves mi salvación hasta los confines de la tierra». (Isaías 49:1-6 NVI).

Primero, tenemos una expresión de profunda intimidad entre el siervo y YHWH. Esto se hace explícito en todo el pasaje, pero el lector no debe perder su expresión implícita en las primeras palabras del pasaje. La invocación inicial (‘escúchame… presta atención’) es a veces ofrecida en el libro de Isaías por el profeta con la declaración inmediatamente siguiente que ‘YHWH ha hablado’. En otras ocasiones YHWH mismo utiliza esta expresión convocatoria él mismo. (more…)

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51f38SlZnUL._SX331_BO1,204,203,200_Across ten chapters organized thematically rather than chronologically, Michael J. LaRosa and German R. Mejía present this fine English-language history of Colombia in accessible prose that only occasionally belies that they were writing or thinking initially in Spanish before making this considerable gift to the English reading public.

The line-up of chapter titles arguably serves as LaRosa’s and Mejía’s first promise that their history will not weep over a fragmented and violent nation, but rather will sketch the contours of a nation seeking unity, nourished by a certain dynamism, and eager—or perhaps more often merely destined—to find its place in the world:

  • ‘Origins’
  • ‘The Colombian Nations’
  • ‘The Dynamics of a Political Community’
  • ‘The Cadence of Unity’
  • ‘Conflict’
  • ‘Economic Unity’
  • ‘A Common Space’
  • ‘Cultural Dynamism’
  • ‘Daily Life’
  • ‘Colombia and the World’

The book’s first chapter (‘Origins’) establishes the case for autonomy and then independence from Spain on the awkward fact that Spanish plans for that European nation’s ‘American’ colonies would always leave the ‘creoles’ at a disadvantage over peninsular interests. The detail that this history begins with post-Columbian political reorganization rather than the pre-Columbian ‘given’ that the Spanish conquerers encountered is perhaps symptomatic of the concise nature of the work. It is also programmatic of history and of this particular narrative that ‘Colombia’ was born in blood and contest, a genesis that wants to extend its hegemony—but in LaRosa’s and Mejía’s telling, does not finally succeed—from the beginning through to the end of the nation’s story. In this North American reader’s opinion, the authors make the eventual Colombian state’s post-Encounter pre-history understandable in broad brush and via analogies with a North American historical experience that is more familiar to the book’s English readership. (more…)

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Los días oscuros antes de la destrucción de Israel por el poder de Asiria, dejaron a pocos intactos. Incluso los niños.

Luego el Señor me dijo: «Haz un letrero grande y escribe con claridad el siguiente nombre: Maher-salal-has-baz[a]». Les pedí al sacerdote Urías y a Zacarías, hijo de Jeberequías, ambos conocidos como hombres honrados, que fueran testigos de lo que yo hacía.

Después me acosté con mi esposa y ella quedó embarazada, y dio a luz un hijo. Y el Señor me dijo: «Ponle por nombre Maher-salal-has-baz. Pues antes de que este hijo tenga edad suficiente para decir “papá” o “mamá”, el rey de Asiria se llevará la abundancia de Damasco y las riquezas de Samaria». (Isaías 8:1-4).

Cuando el profeta fija este sobrenombre sombrío a su bebé, él señala la inminente destrucción de los vecinos amenazantes de Israel. El nombre significa  ‘Pronto al saquéo, rápido al botín ’. (more…)

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