The symmetrical certainties of Job’s companions sound merely insipid in the light of the man’s unexplainable pain. Job recognizes the tattered, commonplace worthlessness of their regurgitated wisdom:
Who does not know such things as these?
It seems that Job does not so much question the validity of received wisdom as he does its absolute utility. Such convention explains many things, Job, might allow. But it does not interpret these boils.
One of the great achievements of the book that bears Job’s name is its ability both to affirm and to subvert this kind of wisdom. It is hard to deny the appeal of much of what pours from the voluble mouths of Job’s companions. Their collective verbal treatise is not mere rubbish. The book is too sophisticated to suffer straw men.
Yet the collective outcome of their assemblage of what the fathers have taught them and their application to it as interpretation, resolution, and condemnation of the complexly suffering Job is ludicrous. Received wisdom simply doesn’t go that far nor do that much. When one stumbles upon a sufferer like Job—or stumbles into Job-like suffering—received wisdom is working above its pay grade.
Job knows this and seeks, instead, a conversation with God. The encounter might overpower, indeed might erase him, he knows. Yet the hope of it becomes his driving, painful passion.
You might be interested in this online commentary “Putting God on Trial: The Biblical Book of Job” (http://www.bookofjob.org) as supplementary or background material for your study of the Book of Job. It is not a sin to question God, to demand answers from God. There is a time and a place for such things. It is written by a Canadian criminal defense lawyer, now a Crown prosecutor, and it explores the legal and moral dynamics of the Book of Job with particular emphasis on the distinction between causal responsibility and moral blameworthiness embedded in Job’s Oath of Innocence. It is highly praised by Job scholars (Clines, Janzen, Habel) and the Review of Biblical Literature, all of whose reviews are on the website. The author is an evangelical Christian, denominationally Anglican. He is also the Canadian Director for the Mortimer J. Adler Centre for the Study of the Great Ideas, a Chicago-based think tank.